Emperor Caligula's erratic behavior and tyrannical rule have led many to speculate about his mental state. Some historians believe that he was a psychopath, a conclusion supported by his cruelty, impulsive decision-making, and lack of empathy. Others argue that Caligula was not a psychopath, but rather suffered from a combination of mental illness, physical ailments, and substance abuse. While there is no consensus on Caligula's mental state, his actions as emperor continue to fascinate and horrify historians and the general public alike.
