Black boxes are specifically designed to withstand extreme conditions, including high impact, fire, and water submersion, to ensure they can survive a plane crash and provide vital information to investigators. These devices are equipped with sensors that continuously record flight data, such as airspeed, altitude, heading, acceleration, and control inputs, as well as cockpit audio, including conversations between pilots and air traffic controllers. The data collected by the black boxes is stored on a crash-resistant memory module that can be retrieved after an accident, providing valuable insights into the events leading up to the crash and aiding in the investigation process to determine the cause of the incident.
