Kim Jong-un's father, Kim Jong-il, was the second Supreme Leader of North Korea, ruling from 1994 until his death in 2011. Born in 1941 as the eldest son of North Korea's founder, Kim Il-sung, Kim Jong-il grew up in a highly privileged and isolated environment. He received extensive education and training in various fields, including military strategy, politics, and economics. During his rule, Kim Jong-il maintained an iron grip on power, characterized by a strict personality cult, extensive military spending, and a policy of self-reliance known as "Juche." He also oversaw the development of North Korea's nuclear and missile programs, which have been a source of international tension and concern. Kim Jong-il's birthday, February 16, is celebrated as the "Day of the Shining Star" in North Korea, a national holiday honoring his legacy and contributions to the country.
